NAME:- SEJAL R PARMAR
COURSE:- M.A SEM-1
BATCH:- 2018-20
ROLL NO:- 40
ENROLLMENT NO:- 2069108420190033
EMAIL ID:- sejalparmar095@gmail.com
PAPER NO:- INDIAN ENGLISH
LITERATURE
TOPIC:- CHARACTER OF EKLAVYA AS A SUBALTERN
GUIDED BY:- HEENABA ZALA
INTRODUCTION
T. P.
KAILASAM:-
Thanjavur paramasiva kailasam ( 1884 – 1946 ), was a
playwrite and prominent writer of Kannada literature. His contribution to
Kannada theatrical comedy earned him the
title prahasana prapitamaha, “ the father of humorous plays” and later he was also called “ Kannadakke obbane kailasam” meaning “ one and only Kailasam for Kannada”.
CHARACTER OF
EKLAVYA AS A SUBALTERN
The play “
purpose” by T. P.KAILASAM is a short
play. The story of this play is based on Mahabharata. In this play we find
character is taken from Mahabharata. Here in this play we can find character of
eklavya as a subaltern. In the story of Mahabharata ‘arjunas’ is the hero while
studying under Dronacharya or throughout
the epic . but here in the purpose kailasam more focus on the character of ‘ eklavya’ .
and he is the main hero of character of the purpose . the protagonist of the
play is Eklavya . purpose , by T. P.
Kailasam, is a short play dramatizing
event that occurred in the Mahabharata involving Drone, Arjuna, and Eklavya …
Arjuna is a prince of a prince of a great kingdom. Eklavya is a tribal boy from
a relatively far away area.
EKLAVYA:-
Ekalvya
means self learned person, is a character from the epic the Mahabharata. He was
a young prince of the nishadha, a confederation of jungle tribes in ancient
india.he was offered as the son to vyatraj hiranyadhanus by sulekha and possessed powers given by
bhumi devi. As he was her son in previous life. Ekalavya aspired to study archery in the gurukul of guru
drone.
WHAT IS
SUBALTERN
A subaltern
means someone with a low ranking in a social , political , or other hierarchy.
“ subaltern”
means someone who has been marginalized or oppressed.
Gayatri
chakravorty spivak has given “ subaltern theory”
She is best
known for her wsay.
“ CAN THE
SUBALTERN SPEAK ?”
in can essay
she had written about marginalize people and also given voice to oppressed
people of society.
“ subaltern”
– who oppressed by someone in society.
In society
we find many example of subaltern who marginalized and oppressed
THE VARIOUS
KIND OF SOCIAL FORMATION AND THE SUBALTERNS THEY CONSTRUCT:
Social
formation: class , empire , patriarchy , nation
Subaltern:
working classes , natives , women ethnic – minorities
Dominant
group: capitalism – bourgeois Europeans , men majority
Ideology:
capitalism , colonialism , gender , homogenization and nationalism.
In this play
“ purpose” we find character of ‘ eklavya’ as a “ subaltern” .
We find that
he is oppressed by Arjuna and in many dialogue we find at that time and in this
way we cansee or saidhim asa subaltern.
In play we
find Arjuna’s dialogue to eklavya like:
“ an arya
is an arya!
And a
nishada is only
A low –
born nishada” !
So in this
dialogue of arjuna we can find that arjuna feel proud about his caste and
considere his caste as a higher and he said eklavya A nishada – a lower class person, and
according to my opinion he treated as he is superior than eklaya.
ARJUNA :
‘ I do not like you ! I dislike you ! very much” !
Eklavya was
a nishadaboy so Arjuna dislike his caste because Arjuna belongs to “ Arya” .
here we can find that T . P . kailasam conflict also . due to eklavya’s low
caste he is not able to learn Archary from guru Dronacharya.
We also find
eklavya’s voice as a oppressed when he thinking that :
“ I fear
he will never take me as his pupil ! he will mayhap think that I am not fit to
be a fellow – pupil of these princes !
eklavya is
in fear that due to his lower caste and he is a nishadha so guru will never
ready to taught him . sowe can say that eklavya as a nishadha he had not right
to learn archery from guru Dronacharya.
Drona didn’t
teach archery to eklavya because he belonged to ‘ Nishadha’ tribe … but sadly bound to hiswords to Arjun
he asked for guru dakshina wgich eklavya couldn’t refuse and gave his thumb to
guru as adakshina …thus ending a great warriors feat …
Doctoring of
an ideal life Mahabharata , Ramayana , Upanishads are rich heritage .
If you want
an answer from current perspective it will seem that eklavya was victim of
caste bais ,and that dronacruelly denied him his destiny to be a great warrior
for his own selfish reasons.
However
there are two more incidents about drona that need to be compared with the
above incident befour we call drona selfish
1. The most powerful weapon that drone
had was brahmashira which he gave to arjuna buthis own son ashwatthama who was
also a Brahman by caste he gave only a partial knowledge of it . so that
aswathama can use it as a defense but not offense. Why ? because he noticed
that his son whom he loved so dearly was impulsive and short tempered and
therefore not worthy it fully.
2. Drone accepted drishtadyumn as his
student and trained him well knowing fully that dhristadyumn was born to kill
him.
Can we call such a man selfish. Would a selfish man deny his knowledge to
his own son on the ground of merit. Would a selfish man personally train a
person to kill himself
So why did drona do what he did.
It’s about right and responsibilities.
Responsibilies
As a teacher appointed for kshatriya princes by hastinapur he was bound
by rules of hastinapur society to accept only the peinces allowed by them.
Drone was not running his personal gurukul. He was fulfilling the responsibility of an employee.
Just like today a woman’s no means a no. at that time a
Teacher’s no meant a no. drona rfused to accept him as a teacher. But
there were other gurus to whom he could have gone instead he chose to practice
by making a statue of drone as his guru
and not only that when asked by pandava and kaurava princes he declares himself
as student of drone proudly
If groan did not punish eklavya’s transgression than blam would be on
drone that hetaught eklavya indirectly against the prevalent rules, when he had
actually notdone such a thing.
Rights
A teacher had the right to ask for any gurudakshina he
desired. Krishna’s guru sandipani asked him to bring back his long lost son.
Drone himself asked kaurava and pandava princes to wage a war against drupd with
whom they had no personal enmity. Against a very well known warrior and
formidable army their first battle. The princes could have died in the war, not
everyone was a great warrior in the 105 princes. But they all went and risked
their lives. So he had every right to
aks eklavya for the thumb, but drone tells eklavya, “ if eklavya indeed
considered him as a guru then he should give his thumb as afee” . he was giving
an option to eklavya,that if he wants he can still say that drone is not his
guru and keep thumb.
It is a credit to eklavya that he chose to forego his thumb. But he tried
to force drone to be his guru which he had no right to.
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